Baker&#39;s oven.



PATENTED JUNE 14, 1904.

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PATENTE!) JUNE 14', 1904.

B. YGRB.

BAKERS OVEN.

APPLIoATIoN r1LED ooT.`1o, 1903.

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HUI" No. 762,461. PATENTED .TUNE 14, 1904.`

` B. YGRE.

BAKERS OVEN.

APPLIUA'HQN nun 00T. 1o, 190s. No norm.. 4 sums-snm a.

Afro/mm No. 762,461.A PATENTED JUNE 14, 1904.

\ B. YGRB.

BAKERS OVEN. APPLICATION FILED 00T.10I 1903.-

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WITNESSES @if/KM Patented June 14, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

BAPTISTE YORE, OF NEIY YORK, N. Y.

BAKERS OVEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 762,461, dated June 14,1904.

Application tiled October l0, 1903. Serial No. 176,519. (No model.) l

To @ZZ whom, llt may concern:

Be it known that I, BAPTISTE YCRE, a citi- Zen of the Republic ofFrance, residing in NewY This invention relates to certain improvementsin bakers ovens by which charging and removing of the articles to bebaked is greatly facilitated, as two men can work at the same time onthe oven, and by which a quicker and better baking of the article isobtained and the sole-space considerably increased as compared with thesole-space of the ovens heretofore in use; and for this purpose theinvention consists of improvements in bakers ovens, which will be fullydescribed hereinafter and finally pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a front elevation of myimproved bakers oven. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the upper part ofthe oven, showing the gate and some of the closing-blocks and gate inopen position. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section on line 3 3, Fig.2, drawn on a larger scale. Fig. 4 is a vertical longitudinal section ofmy improved bakers oven on line 4 4, Fig. l. Fig. 5 is a detail planview of one of the baking-shelves. Fig. 6 is a vertical transversesection on line 6 6 of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a horizontal section on line 77, Fig. 4; and Figs. 8 and 9 are respectively a detail top view and aside view of the toothed lever for adjusting the closingblocks of thebakers oven.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the baking-chamber of myimproved bakers oven, which is preferably of cylindrical shape-that isto say, circular in cross-section in the direction of the Verticalcenter plane of the chamber. The walls of the baking-chamber are made ofbriekwork in the usual manner. The baking-chamber is provided with theusual bottom, side, rear, and top fines f, through which the products ofcombustion are passed from the fireplaces F of the oven to the chimney,so as to heat up the walls and the interior of the baking-chamber. Theproducts of combustion are drawn from the fireplaces through the sideand bottom ues to the rear fines, then in upward direction to the topfines, and out in the chimney, the flue connections being arranged inany approved Inanner, provided that a thorough distribution oftheproducts of combustion around the walls of the baking-chamber and auniform heating of the same is obtained. Through the center of thebakingchamber extends a shaft S, which issupported in suitablejournal-bearings S in the side walls Aof the baking-chamber A. On theshaft S are supported at the interior of the baking-chamber A twospider-frames B, consisting of siX radial arms 7), that are connected attheir outer ends by a ring-shaped brace-frame b, as shown in Fig. 4. Thespider-frames B are provided with transverse studs 3, each of which actsas a shaft or support for a shelf D, provided at each side with hangers7L, attached to the frame of the shelf, and with perforations orbearings L, engaged by the studs b3 of the spider-frames B. The shelvesD are made of suitable metal and provided with openings (Z and grooves(Z2, surrounding' said openings, and tiles CZ, lcovering said openingsand iitting in said` grooves of the shelves, so as to be on a level withthe shelves. The shelves D are made of equal length, but alternately oflarger and smaller width, so as to enlarge the area and permit theunobstructed turning of the supporting spider-frames B without one shelfinterfering with the other during the turning motion of the frames. Forthis purpose the studs 3 are so arranged on the spider-frames that thewider shelves supported thereby are pivoted nearer to the center of theframes than the narrower shelves. The shaft S is extended through one ofthe side walls A of the oven to the outside and is provided with asprocketwheel w, to which intermittent rotary motion is imparted by asprocket-chain w and a second sprocket-wheel L02 on a second shorter orstud-shaft w3, to the end of which a large handwheel H is applied, so asto permit the turning of the frames B and shelves D by the attendantfrom the outside of the oven.

In the front wall of the oven is arranged a main opening O, whichextends across the entire width of the oven and which is closed by IOOmeans of an exterior drop-gate E, which is suspended from a suitable.chain f/ and balanced by a countcrweight y', so as to be easily openedand closed. The d rop-gate Eis g'uided in suitable ways c, formed byupright side rails c', which are attached to the front wall of the ovenat each end of the front opening O of the baking-chamber, as shown inFigs. 1 and Q. Immediately adjacent and back of the drop-gate E isarranged a second gate Ef. adapted to be raised or lowered by a suitablechain g2 and weight ,f/i. The second gate IG' consists of a frame E,which is provided near its bottom with guideways E and near its endswith two sets of parallel guideways E". I n these guideways IC" areauxiliary gates IC, which are likewise balanced by chains y", pass ingover suitable pulleys and counterweights f/, so as to be closed oropened independently of the second gate E for g'iving' access to theends of the baking-chamber. Between the auxiliary gates E a number ofclosing-blocks E are arranged adapted to be moved in the guideways E ofthe frame E, four being shown in the drawings. The blocks are made ofwrought-iron or other suitable material, which may or may not be linedwith refractory material, and are provided at their lower ends withteeth t and slots t. The frame E, together with the closing-blocks E andauxiliary gates E, can be raised when the entire main opening of thebaking-chamber is to be opened for charging or discharging the articlesfrom the shelves.

The front charging-board of the oven is provided with holes m, in whichthe pin of a lever L, which is provided with a toothed segment L', isinserted. The toothed segment is adapted to engage with the slots of theclosing-blocks, so that on moving the lever the blocks may be moved. Thespace for shifting the blocks IC to the left or right is obtained byraising the auxiliary gates IC", the space obtained being' then utilizedby shifting the closing-blocks E into the same. By these means accessmay be had to any part of the baking-chamber, either at the ends bysimply raising one of the auxiliary gates E or in the central part ofthe oven by raising' any ofl the auxiliary gates E5 and sliding theblocks E by the toothed segment so as to permit access to the interiorof the oven. Se, for instance, when it is desired to charge thebakingchamber the auxiliary g'ates E are opened and the shelves chargedthrough the openings formed thereby. Then the closing-blocks IC areshifted laterally into the opening formed by the raising of theauxiliary gates E", so as to form an opening adjacent theretocorresponding' to the size of the shifted block, through which the nextsection of the shelf is to be charged, and so on until the entire shelfis charged. middle blocks are shifted, a larg'e middle opening' isobtained, through which the mid- Wvhen the p dle section of the shelf ischarged. After the charging' of the shelves is accomplished the blocksare returned into their normal position, as shown in Fig. l, after whichthe hand-wheel is operated so as to bring the next shelf on a level withthe bottom of the main opening, after which the operation is re peatedfor charging the shelves, and so on until all the shelves are charged.As one shelf after the other is charged the next preceding' chargedshelf is lifted into the upper part of the baking-chamber, and therebysubjected to an atmosphere having a higher temperature than that towhich the first was subjected during the charging of the same.Consequently the other articles being' transferred directly into anatmosphere of higher temperature will be quickly raised, so as'to makethem lighter and assume a fuller and larger size. From the upper hotterpart of the baking-chamber the articles to be baked gradually pass intothe lower part of the bakingchamber, where there is a lower temperatureand where the baking is completed. In this manner the same effect isobtained which has been heretofore obtained by means of two ovens, oneof which is very hot and from which the articles were transferred intoan oven having a lower temperature in which the baking operation wascompleted.

Myil'nproved baking-chamber, with rotary shelves, combines theadvantages of the two baking-ovens of different temperatures heretoforein use. The baking-oven is provided with the usual accessories, such asdampers 11y for the different flues, cleaning-fines, peepopening's w/for observing the progress of the baking operation, &c. By the dampers aand heating-lines f the temperature of any part of the oven can bereadily controlled and adapted for the special articles to be baked.'Ihe iiues are so ar'anged that they can be readily cleaned of soot andashes in the usual manner. The rotary feature can be applied to anybakers oven as, for instance, to the portable sheet-metal ovens. Whenthe baking is completed, the main gates and the auxiliary gates andclosing-blocks are opened by raising their frame, so that access isgiven to the whole width of the baking-chamber.

In the Patent No. 591,224, granted to me on October 5, 1897, thearrangement of the auxiliary gates andthe laterally-sliding blocks isshown. 'Io this construction of auxiliary gates and laterally-shiftingblocksI have added the suliporting-frame by which all the blocks can beraised simultaneously, which has been found to be an importantimprovement to the' sliding' blocks, as it permits the quick charging ofan entire shelf and the quick removing of the baked articles from thesaine whenever it should be necessary.

Instead of the fireplaces and heating-fines, which are attendent withmuch smoke and inconvenience, a heating obtained from the elec- IOO IIO

vshelves are equal in surface to one and one-half of the surface area ofthe ordinary oven,while the three smaller shelves are equal tothreefourths of the fioor or sole surface of an ordinary oven.Consequently the six shelves are equal to the Hoor-space of two andonefourth ordinary ovens, while the improved oven takes up less depth inthe bakeshop than the ovens heretofore in use. As one shelf is filledafter the other, the articles to be baked can be placed on the shelvesquicker than when they are distributed over the deep sole-plate of theoven. Secondly, as soon as the shelves are charged with the articles tobe baked they are subjected to the high temperature of the upper partofthe baking-chamber and then gradually passed into the lower part ofthe oven for final baking, by which the size and appearance of thearticles are greatly improved. Thirdly, the shelves can be chargedeither through a portion of the same, according to the articles to bebaked. Fourthly, the baked articles can be quickly removed from theshelves as the same are turned in position on a level with the bottom ofthe main opening either through the entire width of the same or byshifting and returning the closing-blocks, as desired. Fifthly, by theauxiliary gates and shifting blocks two men are able to work together incharging and discharging the bread, one working at each side andcharging the bread in a continuous straight line on his half of theshelf, while the other man attends to his half at the other end of themain opening, which permits the charging and discharging of each shelfin a quicker manner than the charging process heretofore in use.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patentl. In a bakers oven, the combination, with abakingchamber provided with a main opening, of rotatable frames in saidopening, and

baking-shelves pivotally supported by said frames of one length butalternately of larger and smaller width, said shelves being so arrangedthat the wider shelves are pivoted nearer to the center of the framesthan the narrower shelves, substantially as set forth.

2. In a bakers oven, the combination, with a baking-chamber having amain opening, and a charging-board in front of the main opening havingperforations, of a frame provided with guideways, a plurality of blocksmovable in said guideways, means engaging the perforations of the boardfor shifting said blocks, and means for raising said frame together withthe blocks, substantially as set forth.

3. In a bakers oven, the combination, with a baking-chamber having amain opening extending across the full width of the chamber, of a frame,closing-blocks supported by said frame, means for raising said frametogether with the closing-blocks, means for shifting said blockslaterally, and a main gate for closing the main opening in front of saidclosingblocks, substantially as set forth.

4. In a bakersoven, the combination, with a baking-chamber having a mainopening, of a main gate for closing said opening, a second gate providedwith two sets of guideways, auxiliary gates vertically movable in oneset of said guideways, shiftable closing-blocks laterally movable in theother set of guide? ways, means for raising said auxiliary gatesindependently of the second gate, and means for raising said second gatetogether with the auxiliary gates and closing-blocks independently ofthe main gate, substantially as set forth.

5. In a bakers oven, the combination, with a baking-charnber havingamain opening extending across the full width of said chamber, ofshiftable closing-blocks in said main opening, a frame for supportingall of said closingblocks, auxiliary gates movable in guideways of saidframe at the corners of the same, and a vertically-guided drop-gate forclosing the main opening operated independently of said frame,substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed myname in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

BAPTISTE YCRE.

Witnesses: Y

PAUL GOEPEL, C. P. GonrEL.

IOO

